Syntaxerror: Name 'v' Is Used Prior To Nonlocal Declaration

I looked at similar problems, but I could not find solutions for my mistake in them. Problem: In the StartPage block, I enter the data for the graph, which is based on these value

Solution 1:

You could declare such variables in the scope of the module, i.e. at the top of your code put:

import matplotlib
from math import *
import pylab
from matplotlib import mlab
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkaggimportFigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAggfrom matplotlib.figureimportFigureimport tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *

g = 9.81
v = IntVar()
angle = IntVar()
x0 = IntVar()
y0 = IntVar()
v2 = IntVar()
angle2 = IntVar()
x02 = IntVar()
y02 = IntVar()
v3 = IntVar()
angle3 = IntVar()
x03 = IntVar()
y03 = IntVar()

then rewrite StartPage like this:

class StartPage(tk.Frame):

    def __init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = tk.Label(self, text="Начальная страница")
        label.pack(pady=10, padx=10)

        button = ttk.Button(self, text="Visit Page 1",
                            command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne))
        button.pack()

        frame2 = Frame(self, borderwidth=4, relief=GROOVE)
        frame2.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для первого графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=v)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=angle)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=x0)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=y0)
        entry.pack()

        frame3 = Frame(self, borderwidth=4, relief=GROOVE)
        frame3.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для второго графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=v2)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=angle2)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=x02)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=y02)
        entry.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для третьего графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=v3)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=angle3)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=x03)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=y03)
        entry.pack()

As another (maybe nicer?) alternative, you might consider using a shared object to store the data, and give both frames a reference to that object, for example:

import matplotlib
from math import *
import pylab
from matplotlib import mlab
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *

g = 9.81classMyData():
    v = IntVar()
    angle = IntVar()
    x0 = IntVar()
    y0 = IntVar()
    v2 = IntVar()
    angle2 = IntVar()
    x02 = IntVar()
    y02 = IntVar()
    v3 = IntVar()
    angle3 = IntVar()
    x03 = IntVar()
    y03 = IntVar()


classFly(tk.Tk):

    def__init__(self, *args, **kwargs):        
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "Fly")

        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        self.frames = {}
        data = MyData

        for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
            frame = F(container, self, data)

            self.frames[F] = frame

            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")

        self.show_frame(StartPage)

    defshow_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()


classStartPage(tk.Frame):

    def__init__(self, parent, controller, data):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = tk.Label(self, text="Начальная страница")
        label.pack(pady=10, padx=10)

        button = ttk.Button(self, text="Visit Page 1",
                            command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne))
        button.pack()

        frame2 = Frame(self, borderwidth=4, relief=GROOVE)
        frame2.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для первого графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.v)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.angle)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.x0)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.y0)
        entry.pack()

        frame3 = Frame(self, borderwidth=4, relief=GROOVE)
        frame3.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для второго графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.v2)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.angle2)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.x02)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.y02)
        entry.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для третьего графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.v3)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.angle3)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.x03)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=data.y03)
        entry.pack()


classPageOne(tk.Frame):

    def__init__(self, parent, controller, data):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = tk.Label(self, text="Generate")
        label.pack(pady=10, padx=10)

        button1 = ttk.Button(self, text="Поменять значения",
                             command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button1.pack()

        f = Figure(figsize=(5, 5), dpi=100)
        a = f.add_subplot(111)

        canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, self)
        canvas.show()
        canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)

        toolbar = NavigationToolbar2TkAgg(canvas, self)
        toolbar.update()
        canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)

        t = ((2 * v * sin(data.angle)) / g)
        vx = data.v * cos(data.angle)

        t2 = ((2 * data.v2 * sin(data.angle2)) / g)
        vx2 = data.v2 * cos(data.angle2)

        t3 = ((2 * data.v3 * sin(data.angle3)) / g)
        vx3 = data.v3 * cos(data.angle3)

        dx = 0.01
        xmin = data.x0
        xmax = vx * t * cos(data.angle)
        xmin2 = data.x02
        xmax2 = vx2 * t2 * cos(data.angle2)
        xmin3 = data.x03
        xmax3 = vx3 * t3 * cos(data.angle3)

        deffunc(x0, v, g, y0, angle):
            y = x0 * tan(angle) - (1 / (2 * v ** 2)) * ((g * x0 ** 2) / (cos(angle) ** 2)) + y0
            if y == 0:
                return0.0return y


        deffunc2(x02, v2, y02, angle2):
            y2 = x02 * tan(angle2) - (1 / (2 * v2 ** 2)) * ((g * x02 ** 2) / (cos(angle2) ** 2)) + y02
            if y2 == 0:
                return0.0return y2


        deffunc3(x03, v3, y03, angle3):
            y3 = x03 * tan(angle3) - (1 / (2 * v3 ** 2)) * ((g * x03 ** 2) / (cos(angle3) ** 2)) + y03
            if y3 == 0:
                return0.0return y3


        xlist = mlab.frange(xmin, xmax, dx)
        xlist2 = mlab.frange(xmin2, xmax2, dx)
        xlist3 = mlab.frange(xmin3, xmax3, dx)

        ylist = [func(x0, data.v, g, data.y0, data.angle) for x0 in xlist]
        ylist2 = [func2(x02, data.v2, data.y02, data.angle2) for x02 in xlist2]
        ylist3 = [func3(x03, data.v3, data.y03, data.angle3) for x03 in xlist3]

        pylab.plot(xlist, ylist)
        pylab.plot(xlist2, ylist2)
        pylab.plot(xlist3, ylist3)

        pylab.show()


app = Fly()
app.mainloop()

There are other errors too, but this works around your scoping issue.

Solution 2:

As the error suggests, it's your nonlocal declarations. I've switched them to globals and called them in the appropriate order. Your code will still not run as you have some type issues later on, but that is out of the scope of the question

import matplotlib
from math import *
import pylab
from matplotlib import mlab
from matplotlib.backends.backend_tkagg import FigureCanvasTkAgg, NavigationToolbar2TkAgg
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
import tkinter as tk
from tkinter import ttk
from tkinter import *

g = 9.81classFly(tk.Tk):

    def__init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
        tk.Tk.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs)

        tk.Tk.wm_title(self, "Fly")

        container = tk.Frame(self)
        container.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True)
        container.grid_rowconfigure(0, weight=1)
        container.grid_columnconfigure(0, weight=1)

        self.frames = {}

        for F in (StartPage, PageOne):
            frame = F(container, self)

            self.frames[F] = frame

            frame.grid(row=0, column=0, sticky="nsew")

        self.show_frame(StartPage)

    defshow_frame(self, cont):
        frame = self.frames[cont]
        frame.tkraise()


classStartPage(tk.Frame):

    def__init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = tk.Label(self, text="Начальная страница")
        label.pack(pady=10, padx=10)

        button = ttk.Button(self, text="Visit Page 1",
                            command=lambda: controller.show_frame(PageOne))
        button.pack()

        global v
        v = IntVar()

        global angle
        angle = IntVar()

        global x0
        x0 = IntVar()

        global y0
        y0 = IntVar()

        global v2
        v2 = IntVar()

        global angle2
        angle2 = IntVar()

        global x02
        x02 = IntVar()

        global y02
        y02 = IntVar()

        global v3
        v3 = IntVar()

        global angle3
        angle3 = IntVar()

        global x03
        x03 = IntVar()

        global y03
        y03 = IntVar()















        frame2 = Frame(self, borderwidth=4, relief=GROOVE)
        frame2.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для первого графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=v)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=angle)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=x0)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=y0)
        entry.pack()

        frame3 = Frame(self, borderwidth=4, relief=GROOVE)
        frame3.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для второго графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=v2)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=angle2)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=x02)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=y02)
        entry.pack()

        first = Label(self, text='Данные для третьего графика')
        first.pack()

        second = Label(self, text='Начальная скорость')
        second.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=v3)
        entry.pack()

        third = Label(self, text='Угол выстрела')
        third.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=angle3)
        entry.pack()

        fourth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата x')
        fourth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=x03)
        entry.pack()

        fifth = Label(self, text='Начальная координата y')
        fifth.pack()
        entry = Entry(self, width=10, textvariable=y03)
        entry.pack()






classPageOne(tk.Frame):

    def__init__(self, parent, controller):
        tk.Frame.__init__(self, parent)
        label = tk.Label(self, text="Generate")
        label.pack(pady=10, padx=10)

        button1 = ttk.Button(self, text="Поменять значения",
                             command=lambda: controller.show_frame(StartPage))
        button1.pack()

        f = Figure(figsize=(5, 5), dpi=100)
        a = f.add_subplot(111)

        canvas = FigureCanvasTkAgg(f, self)
        canvas.show()
        canvas.get_tk_widget().pack(side=tk.BOTTOM, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)

        toolbar = NavigationToolbar2TkAgg(canvas, self)
        toolbar.update()
        canvas._tkcanvas.pack(side=tk.TOP, fill=tk.BOTH, expand=True)

        t = ((2 * v * sin(angle)) / g)
        vx = v * cos(angle)

        t2 = ((2 * v2 * sin(angle2)) / g)
        vx2 = v2 * cos(angle2)

        t3 = ((2 * v3 * sin(angle3)) / g)
        vx3 = v3 * cos(angle3)

        dx = 0.01
        xmin = x0
        xmax = vx * t * cos(angle)
        xmin2 = x02
        xmax2 = vx2 * t2 * cos(angle2)
        xmin3 = x03
        xmax3 = vx3 * t3 * cos(angle3)

        deffunc(x0, v, g, y0, angle):
            y = x0 * tan(angle) - (1 / (2 * v ** 2)) * ((g * x0 ** 2) / (cos(angle) ** 2)) + y0
            if y == 0:
                return0.0return y


        deffunc2(x02, v2, y02, angle2):
            y2 = x02 * tan(angle2) - (1 / (2 * v2 ** 2)) * ((g * x02 ** 2) / (cos(angle2) ** 2)) + y02
            if y2 == 0:
                return0.0return y2


        deffunc3(x03, v3, y03, angle3):
            y3 = x03 * tan(angle3) - (1 / (2 * v3 ** 2)) * ((g * x03 ** 2) / (cos(angle3) ** 2)) + y03
            if y3 == 0:
                return0.0return y3


        xlist = mlab.frange(xmin, xmax, dx)
        xlist2 = mlab.frange(xmin2, xmax2, dx)
        xlist3 = mlab.frange(xmin3, xmax3, dx)

        ylist = [func(x0, v, g, y0, angle) for x0 in xlist]
        ylist2 = [func2(x02, v2, y02, angle2) for x02 in xlist2]
        ylist3 = [func3(x03, v3, y03, angle3) for x03 in xlist3]

        pylab.plot(xlist, ylist)
        pylab.plot(xlist2, ylist2)
        pylab.plot(xlist3, ylist3)

        pylab.show()



app = Fly()
app.mainloop()